剑桥雅思14Test4Passage1阅读答案解析 The secret of staying young 永葆青春的秘密
剑桥雅思14阅读第四套题目第一篇文章的13道题由8道笔记填空和5道TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN判断组成。题目难度不算很大。但因为文章中出现了不少专业名词,读起来可能会不那么顺畅。下面是具体每道题目的答案解析。
点击查看这篇雅思阅读对应的原文翻译与其中出现的高频词汇:
雅思阅读真题词汇 剑桥雅思14 Test 4 Passage 1 通过蚂蚁研究衰老现象
剑桥雅思14Test4Passage1阅读原文翻译 the secret of staying young 年轻的秘密
剑桥雅思14 Test4 Passage1阅读答案解析
老烤鸭雅思原创解析,请勿抄袭转载
第1题答案:four/4
对应原文:第3段:Giraldo focused on ants at four age ranges: 20 to 22 days, 45 to 47 days, 95 to 97 days and 120 to 122 days
答案解析:文章在经过前两段的铺垫之后,从第3段开始讲述Ysabel Giraldo的研究,因此我们将目光主要集中在第三段,根据focused on定位到这句话,原文中明确指出是4个年龄段,由此确定答案为4。
第2题答案:young
对应原文:第4段:Giraldo watched how well the ants took care of the young of the colony
答案解析:对蚂蚁行为的研究主要集中在第4段,题干中look after与took care of同义替换,由此确定答案为young。
第3题答案:food
对应原文:第4段:She compared how well 20-day-old and 95-day-old ants followed the telltale scent that the insects usually leave to mark a trail to food.
答案解析:根据scent trail定位到这句话,空前词为locate,即寻找、定位、跟踪什么东西,原文中只有food填上去语义合适,由此锁定答案。
第4题答案:light
对应原文:第4段:She tested how ants responded to light
答案解析:顺着上一题往下,第三个研究项目为蚂蚁对光线的反应,由此确定答案为light。
第5题答案:aggressively
对应原文:第4段:And she experimented with how ants react to live prey: a tethered fruit fly … And when it came to reacting to prey, the older ants attacked the poor fruit fly just as aggressively as the young ones did
答案解析:根据prey先定位到第4段的中部,但这句话里并没有什么副词可以填到空中,因此继续往下寻找,发现段末还有一句关于捕食的描述,其中提到老年蚂蚁跟年轻蚂蚁一样富有侵略性。aggressively无论是词义还是词性都符合题目要求,由此确定为答案。
第6题答案:location
对应原文:第5段:She saw no major differences with age, nor was there any difference in the location of the dying cells
答案解析:蚂蚁大脑的相关内容主要集中在第5段,看到小标题后将注意力转移到该部分。根据dying cells定位到第5段的前两句话,从题干结构可以看出,空上要填一个与age并列的词汇,由此确定location为答案。
第7题答案:neurons
对应原文:第5段:She also wanted to see if aging affects the density of synaptic complexes within these structures—regions where neurons come together.
答案解析:根据synapitic complexes定位到第5段的这句话,in which与where同义替换,meet与come together对应,根据句子结构确定答案为neurons。
第8题答案:chemicals
对应原文:第5段:the old ants didn’t experience any drop in the levels of either serotonin or dopamine—brain chemicals whose decline often coincides with aging
答案解析:根据two与serotonin和dopamine对应定位到这句话,它们两个都是大脑中化学物质,由此确定chemicals为正确答案。
第9题答案:FALSE
对应原文:第2段:Naked mole rats can live for almost 30 years and stay fit for nearly their entire lives.
答案解析:第2段第2句提到:“裸鼢鼠可以活将近30年的时间,并且文章来自老烤鸭雅思在一生中都保持健康”。可见这种生物也能够remain active for almost their whole lives,题干中“Pheidole dentata是唯一已知动物”的描述与此不符,因此判断答案为FALSE。
第10题答案:TRUE
对应原文:第3段:Unlike all previous studies … her work tracked the ants from the time the pupae became adults, so she knew their exact ages.
答案解析:第3段中间提到,“与所有之前的研究不同,她从蛹变成成虫开始追踪蚂蚁,所以知道它们的确切年龄”。题干中的first person对应unlike all previous studies,precise data about the insects’ age对应exact ages,即题干中的主要信息点在原文中都能找到对应,由此判断答案为TRUE。
第11题答案:FALSE
对应原文:第4段:Giraldo expected the older ants to perform poorly in all these tasks. But the elderly insects were all good caretakers and trail-followers
答案解析:第4段靠后位置提到,“Giraldo预计老年蚂蚁会在所有任务中表现较差。但这些老年昆虫都是优秀的幼虫照顾者和痕迹追踪者”。可见实验结果与Giraldo的预期并不一致,由此判断题干为FALSE。
第12题答案:NOT GIVEN
对应原文:第6段:Scientists have looked at some similar aspects in bees, but the results of recent bee studies were mixed
答案解析:原文中确实提到针对蜜蜂的研究,但只是说实验结果混杂,并没有提到研究方法方面的内容,因此判断答案为NOT GIVEN。
第13题答案:TRUE
对应原文:第3段:In the lab, P. dentata worker ants typically live for around 140 days
第7段:Out in the wild, the ants probably don’t live for a full 140 days thanks to predators, disease and just being in an environment that’s much harsher than the comforts of the lab.
答案解析:原文第3段指出,P. dentata在实验室里一般可以活到140天左右。然后第7段又提到,“野外环境中,因为种种原因,蚂蚁可能活不到140天”。可见实验室中的蚂蚁活的更久,由此判断答案为TRUE。
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