剑桥雅思13Test4Passage2阅读答案解析 Saving the soil 拯救土壤
剑桥雅思13阅读第四套题目第二篇文章的13道题由4道总结性填空，4道完成句子匹配和5道段落信息匹配组成。虽然文章篇幅较长，但分段清晰，观点之间也没有太多复杂的关系，因此难度不大。下面是具体每道题目的答案解析。
点击查看这篇雅思阅读对应的原文翻译与其中出现的常考词汇：
雅思阅读真题词汇 剑桥雅思13 Test 4 Passage 2 保护土壤的必要性和可能措施
剑桥雅思13Test4Passage2阅读原文翻译 Saving the soil 拯救土壤
剑桥雅思13 Test4 Passage2阅读答案解析
第14题答案：minerals
对应原文：B部分第1段：A single gram of healthy soil might contain 100 million bacteria, as well as other microorganisms such as viruses and fungi, living amid decomposing plants and various minerals.
答案解析：根据bacteria, microorganisms定位到B部分的第1段。从题干中可以看出，空上应该填一个与plant并列的单词，由此确定minerals为答案。
第15题答案：carbon
对应原文：B部分第2段：Soil is also an ally against climate change: as microorganisms within soil digest dead animals and plants, they lock in their carbon content
答案解析：根据food和antibiotic定位到B部分，再根据climate定位到具体这一句。空前词storing与原文中的lock同义替换，根据修饰关系确定carbon为答案。
第16题答案：water
对应原文：B部分第2段：Soils also store water, preventing flood damage: in the UK, damage to buildings, roads and bridges from floods caused by soil degradation costs ￡233 million every year.
答案解析：根据property and infrastructure与buildings, roads and bridges的对应定位到这句话。空前词holds与原文中store同义替换，根据修饰关系确定water为答案。
第17题答案：agriculture
对应原文：C段部分第1段：but that the microorganisms that give it its special properties will be lost
C部分第2段：Agriculture is by far the biggest problem
答案解析：根据speical properties定位到C部分第1段的末尾。由此而下，发现main factor与biggest problem同义替换，由此确定agriculture为答案。
第18题答案：C
对应原文：C部分第2段：Humans tend not to return unused parts of harvested crops directly to the soil to enrich it
答案解析：根据unused parts of harvested crops定位到C段的这句话，从原文可以看出，这些作物不会被退还到土壤中来使其更加肥沃。return与put back同义替换，由此确定C为答案。
第19题答案：E
对应原文：D部分第2段：Chemical fertilisers can release polluting nitrous oxide into the atmosphere and excess is often washed away with the rain, releasing nitrogen into rivers. More recently, we have found that indiscriminate use of fertilisers hurts the soil itself, turning it acidic and salty, and degrading the soil they are supposed to nourish.
答案解析：根据Harber-Bosch定位到D部分。该部分第2段详细列举了合成化肥的各项危害，如污染大气、河流、伤害土地等，由此确定答案为E，可能对环境的不同方面造成损害。
第20题答案：A
对应原文：E部分：When they applied Floris’s mix to the desert-like test plots, a good crop of plants emerged that were not just healthy at the surface, but had roots strong enough to pierce dirt as hard as rock.
答案解析：根据Floris和mix定位到E部分的这句话。从原文可以看出，施加其混合物的链式不仅表面健康，而且根系发达，由此确定A为正确答案。
第21题答案：D
对应原文：G部分第1段： Chasek and her colleagues have proposed a goal of ‘zero net land degradation’. Like the idea of carbon neutrality, it is an easily understood target that can help shape expectations and encourage action.
答案解析：根据zero net land degradation定位到G部分的第1段。原文中提到，这种说法更容易让人理解，有助于塑造人们的期望，鼓励采取立即行动。再加上前文中所说的，政策制定者往往不能理解科学家的语言，由此确定D为答案。
第22题答案：E
对应原文：E段：One of the people looking for a solution to this problem is Pius Floris, who started out running a tree-care business in the Netherlands, and now advises some of the world’s top soil scientists. He came to realise that the best way to ensure his trees flourished was to take care of the soil
答案解析：原文中除了科学家之外，只提到一个人针对土壤的拯救方案。由此确定答案为E。
第23题答案：C
对应原文：C部分第2段：In the wild, when plants grow they remove nutrients from the soil, but then when the plants die and decay these nutrients are returned directly to the soil
答案解析：C部分第2段中说到，在野外环境中，植物生长时从土壤吸收营养，但当他们死去腐烂时，这些营养会直接回归突然，即农业之前土壤保持健康的方式，由此确定C为正确答案。
第24题答案：F
对应原文：F部分：measurements from field surveys, drone surveys, satellite imagery, lab analyses and so on
答案解析：F部分中间提到实地调查，无人机调查，卫星图像，实验室分析等方法。对应题干中收集土壤退化信息的不同方式，由此确定答案。
第25题答案：G
对应原文：G部分第2段：Several researchers are agitating for the immediate creation of protected zones for endangered soils
答案解析：G部分第2段提到，通过建立土壤保护区的方式，对一些类型的突然进行保护。与题干中“a suggestion for a way of keeping some types of soil safe in the near future”对应，由此确定答案为G。
第26题答案：F
对应原文：F部分：For one thing, there is no agreed international system for classifying soil.
答案解析：F部分提到，首先要了解全球土壤状况以及它们所面对的问题，但这并不容易。因为没有统一的国际系统对土壤进行分类。即提供土壤退化概况的困难所在，由此确定答案。
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