剑桥雅思12Test5Passage2阅读原文翻译 Collecting as a hobby 作为爱好的收藏
剑桥雅思12阅读第五套题目第二篇文章的主题为作为爱好的收藏。文章分为十段，分别介绍了进行收藏的各种目的，常见的收藏对象，以及收藏的心理动机。下面是具体的每一段的翻译。
点击查看这篇雅思阅读中需要大家掌握的重点词汇以及对应的答案解析：
雅思真题阅读词汇 剑桥雅思12 test 5 passage 2 收藏collecting as a hobby
剑桥雅思12Test5Passage2阅读答案解析 Collecting as a hobby 作为爱好的收藏
剑桥雅思12 Test5 Passage2阅读原文翻译
第1段
Collecting must be one of the most varied of human activities, and it’s one that many of us psychologists find fascinating. Many forms of collecting have been dignified with a technical name: an archtophilist collects teddy bears, a philatelist collects postage stamps, and a deltiologist collects postcards. Amassing hundreds or even thousands of postcards, chocolate wrappers or whatever, takes time, energy and money that could surely be put to much more productive use. And yet there are millions of collectors around the world. Why do they do it?
收藏一定是最为多样化的人类活动之一。许多心理学家都觉得它十分迷人。不少收藏形式都被冠以专门的技术术语：archtophilist收藏泰迪熊；philatelist收藏邮票，而deltiologist则收藏明信片。收集成百上千张明信片，巧克力包装纸或者其他任何东西都需要时间，精力和金钱。而它们完全可以被用于更有成效的事情。但是，世界上有数百万的收藏者。他们为什么要从事这样活动呢？
第2段
There are the people who collect because they want to make money – this could be called an instrumental reason for collecting; that is, collecting as a means to an end. They’ll look for, say, antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect to be able to sell at a profit. But there may well be a psychological element, too – buying cheap and selling dear can give the collector a sense of triumph. And as selling online is so easy, more and more people are joining in.
有人收藏是因为他们想要赚钱-这可以被称为收藏的工具性原因，即收藏作为实现目的的手段。比如，他们会寻找可以低价买入，希望高价卖出的古董。但这其中很有可能也存在心理因素。低买高卖可以赋予收藏者一种成就感。并且由于网上售卖十分简单，越来越多的人正加入这一行列。
第3段
Many collectors collect to develop their social life, attending meetings of a group of collectors and exchanging information on items. This is a variant on joining a bridge club or a gym, and similarly brings them into contact with like-minded people.
许多收藏者进行收藏是为了拓展自己的社交生活，参加收藏家的团体聚会并交换物品信息。这是一种加入桥牌俱乐部或者健身房的变体，同样使他们能够接触到志趣相投的人。
第4段
Another motive for collecting is the desire to find something special, or a particular example of the collected item, such as a rare early recording by a particular singer. Some may spend their whole lives in a hunt for this. Psychologically, this can give a purpose to a life that otherwise feels aimless. There is a danger, though, that if the individual is ever lucky enough to find what they’re looking for, rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, now that the goal that drove them on has gone.
另一种收藏的动机是渴望找到某种特别的东西，或者特定的藏品，比如某一歌手早期十分稀有的唱片。一些人可能会穷尽一生来追寻它。心理学上讲，这可以赋予人生某种意义，使它不至于感到漫无目的。然而，这也存在一定的危险。如果这个人足够幸运找到了他们所寻找的物品，与其庆祝自己的成功，他们反而可能感到空虚。曾经驱使他们前进的目标现在消失了。
第5段
If you think about collecting postage stamps, another potential reason for it – or, perhaps, a result of collecting – is its educational value. Stamp collecting opens a window to other countries, and to the plants, animals, or famous people shown on their stamps. Similarly, in the 19th century, many collectors amassed fossils, animals and plants from around the globe, and their collections provided a vast amount of information about the natural world. Without those collections, our understanding would be greatly inferior to what it is.
如果你考虑收藏邮票，那么其教育价值是另一个潜在的原因。邮票收集打开了一扇了解其他国家、植物、动物以及邮票上名人的窗户。类似的，在19世纪，许多收藏家从全球收集化石、动物和植物。他们的藏品提供了大量有关自然界的信息。没有这些收藏，我们的理解远远达不到现在的水平。
第6段
In the past – and nowadays, too, though to a lesser extent – a popular form of collecting, particularly among boys and men, was trainspotting. This might involve trying to see every locomotive of a particular type, using published data that identifies each one, and ticking off each engine as it is seen. Trainspotters exchange information, these days often by mobile phone, so they can work out where to go to, to see a particular engine. As a byproduct, many practitioners of the hobby become very knowledgeable about railway operations, or the technical specifications of different engine types.
过去–现在也一样，只不过程度较轻–男孩和成年男子之间十分流行的一种收藏是猜火车。这可能包括观赏每一种特定类型的火车头，利用公开发表的数据区分它们，并划掉已经见过的火车引擎。猜火车者互相交换信息，在今天这一般通过手机完成，以便他们可以知道要去那里才能看到特定的引擎。随之而来的结果是，许多这一爱好的实践者对铁路运营，或者不同引擎种类的技术细节知之甚深。
第7段
Similarly, people who collect dolls may go beyond simply enlarging their collection, and develop an interest in the way that dolls are made, or the materials that are used. These have changed over the centuries from the wood that was standard in 16th century Europe, through the wax and porcelain of later centuries, to the plastics of today’s dolls. Or collectors might be inspired to study how dolls reflect notions of what children like, or ought to like.
类似的，收集玩偶的人可能不仅仅是扩大自己的藏品，而是会对玩偶的制作方式或者使用的材料产生兴趣。这些在过去几个世纪里发生了变化。从16世纪欧洲常见的木制品，到之后几个世纪所使用的蜡和陶瓷，再到今天的塑料质地。此外，收藏者也会受到鼓舞去研究玩偶如何反映孩子所喜欢或者应该喜欢的东西。
第8段
Not all collectors are interested in learning from their hobby, though, so what we might call a psychological reason for collecting is the need for a sense of control, perhaps as a way of dealing with insecurity. Stamp collectors, for instance, arrange their stamps in albums, usually very neatly, organising their collection according to certain commonplace principles – perhaps by country in alphabetical order, or grouping stamps by what they depict – people, birds, maps, and so on.
然而，不是所有的收藏者都对从他们的爱好中获取知识感兴趣。所以我们或许可以将收藏背后的一种心理因素称为对控制感的需求。这可能是一种应对不安全感的方式。例如，邮票收集者通常将他们的邮票整齐的摆放在相册里，根据特定的普遍原则进行排列。或者根据国家首字母顺序，或者根据它们所描绘的对象（人物，鸟类，地图等等）。
第9段
One reason, conscious or not, for what someone chooses to collect is to show the collector’s individualism. Someone who decides to collect something as unexpected as dog collars, for instance, may be conveying their belief that they must be interesting themselves. And believe it or not, there is at least one dog collar museum in existence, and it grew out of a personal collection.
无论是否意识到，人们收藏某种特定物品的原因是为了展示收藏者的个性。一些人决定收集一些意料之外的东西，比如狗项圈。这可能是在传达一种信息：它们本身是很有趣的。无论你是否相信，世界上都至少有一个狗项圈博物馆存在，而且它来自于个人收藏。
第10段
Of course, all hobbies give pleasure, but the common factor in collecting is usually passion: pleasure is putting it far too mildly. More than most other hobbies, collecting can be totally engrossing, and can give a strong sense of personal fulfilment. To non-collectors it may appear an eccentric, if harmless, way of spending time, but potentially, collecting has a lot going for it.
当然，所有的爱好都能带来乐趣。但收藏的共同因素往往是热爱：乐趣一词形容的太过温和了。与其他大多数爱好相比，收藏可以使人全神贯注，并且赋予一种很强的个人成就感。对于非收藏者来说，它可能是一种奇怪但无害的打发时间方式。但收藏其实有着许多的潜在理由。
剑桥雅思12Test5Passage1阅读原文翻译 cork 木栓
剑桥雅思12Test5Passage3阅读原文翻译 What’s the purpose of gaining knowledge 获取知识的目的是什么
