剑桥雅思4 Test 4阅读Passage 2答案解析 考古学的本质与目的 The Nature and Aims of Archaeology
这篇雅思阅读的14道题目由6道YES/NO/NOT GIVEN,两道5选2的多选,以及4道总结性填空构成。难度与上一篇相差不远。不过因为最后的总结填空直接限定了文章最后两段这一范围,因此相对要简单一些。下面是具体每道题目的答案解析:
点击查看这篇雅思阅读文章中大家需要掌握的重点词汇以及完整的原文翻译:
雅思真题阅读词汇 剑桥雅思4 test 4 passage 2 考古学介绍
剑桥雅思4 Test 4阅读Passage 2原文翻译 考古学的本质与目的
剑4 Test 4 Passage 2阅读答案解析
第14题答案:YES
对应原文:第1段:Archaeology is partly the discovery of the treasures of the past, partly the careful work of the scientific analyst, partly the exercise of the creative imagination
解析:题干上的这句话相当于是原文的精简,creativity与creative imagination对应,investigative work与the work of the scientific analyst对应。因为判断为YES
第15题答案:NOT GIVEN
对应原文:无
解析:阅读原文中完全没有提到过考古学家应该具备的能力,更没有说需要翻译古代的文本。因此判断为NOT GIVEN
第16题答案:NO
对应原文:第2段:The rich mixture of danger and detective work has also made it the perfect vehicle for fiction writers and film-makers … However far from reality such portrayals are
解析:文章中确实提到电影的事情,但后面的说明是,这些描述与现实相去深远,只是抓住了本质而已。这与题干中所说的realistic picture完全相反,因此判断答案为NO
第17题答案:YES
对应原文:第4段: Culture in this sense includes what the anthropologist, Edward Tylor, summarised in 1871 as ‘knowledge, belief, art, morals, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society’. Anthropologists also use the term ‘culture’ in a more restricted sense when they refer to the ‘culture’ of a particular society, meaning the non-biological characteristics unique to that society
解析:整个第四段其实都是在描述文化的定义,指出其最广阔的含义包括什么,狭义的含义又包括什么。这与题干中所说的人类学家用不止一种方式定义文化相符,因此判断答案为YES
第18题答案:NOT GIVEN
对应原文:无
解析:文章虽然确实提到了考古学和人类学,但并没有比较两者野外工作的难度,属于完全没有提到的知识点,因此判断答案为NOT GIVEN
第19题答案:NO
对应原文:第8段:Conventional historical sources begin only with the introduction of written records around 3000 BC in western Asia, and much later in most other parts of the world.
解析:公元前3000年左右,文字记录的历史才在西亚出现,而世界上其他地方则要晚很多。欧洲文章来自老烤鸭雅思即在其他地方之内。这与题干中的描述互相冲突,因此判断为NO
第20题答案:D
对应原文:第4段:Anthropology is thus a broad discipline – so broad that it is generally broken down into three smaller disciplines: physical anthropology, cultural anthropology and archaeology.
解析:选项中的subdivided与原文中的broken down对应,因此判断D为答案。
第21题答案:E
对应原文:第5段:Physical anthropology, or biological anthropology as it is also called, concerns the study of human biological or physical characteristics and how they evolved.
解析:题干中的human evolutionary patterns与原文中的how they evolved对应,因此判断E为答案。
第22题答案:C
对应原文:第7段:one of the most important tasks for the archaeologist today is to know how to interpret material culture in human terms…Why are some dwellings round and others square?
解析:根据考古学家的任务这一内容定位到第7段,发现C选项中的shape与原文中的round和square对应,domestic buildings与dwellings对应,因此判断C为答案。
第23题答案:D
对应原文:第7段:with the specific purpose of learning how such societies use material culture – how they make their tools and weapons
解析:选项中几乎所有的信息点都可以在原文中找到对应,因此确定D为答案。而A选项的diet,B选项的cave Art,以及E选项的climate changes都没有提到,所以均排除。
第24题答案:oral histories
对应原文:第9段:the distinction between history and pre-history is a convenient dividing line that recognises the importance of the written word, but in no way lessens the importance of the useful information contained in oral histories.
解析:题目要求直接将搜索范围缩小到了最后两段,根据written records定位到具体句子,valuable跟importance对应,因此确定答案为oral histories
第25题答案:humanistic study
对应原文:第10段:Since the aim of archaeology is the understanding of humankind, it is a humanistic study, and since it deals with the human past, it is a historical discipline
解析:顺着上一道题目往下,根据25题和26题的并列关系可以很容易的确定答案为humanistic study.
第26题答案:historical discipline
对应原文:同上
解析:同上
第27题答案:scientist
对应原文:第10段:The objects the archaeologists discover, on the other hand, tell us nothing directly in themselves. In this respect, the practice of the archaeologist is rather like that of the scientist
解析:从题干中我们可以推断出空上应该是能够与考古学家相比较的一种职业,而第10段整段文字都是在对考古学家和科学家进行对比,总结他们相似的地方,因此确定答案为scientist.
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